Call vbscript from java with parameters Sep 9, 2017 · java -cp %CLASSPATH% %* com. run ("cscript C:\scripts\demo. I suggest, with Feb 8, 2009 · Runtime. invokeScript ("COMMONSCRIPT","setDescriptionforAst",args); Methods can be invoked from all the launch points that have the service object accessible. sh This exact same process happens if you are typing a java command directly into your primary, interactive shell, executing a java command that is in a shell script, or running a shell script by typing a command like . Feb 17, 2021 · All hope is not lost, though. java module which should allow calling Perl from Java, as asked. vbs) that sends out the email Jan 20, 2021 · Jan 21, 2021, 8:51 AM @Timon Yang-MSFT I'm able to execute the vbscript file without any error, but the requirement is to embed the vbscript in the executable file and execute. Aug 28, 2015 · argv [4] = startScheduledTask. py”. cmd is not set in the right session? so I have tried to set -cp as argument &amp; C:\\bea\\tpc\\weblogic1033\\server hello, when i pass string parameters from power Shell to java , I have a problem (java maps these parameters) when one of these parameters is empty or contains a special character: java -jar JavaApplication. The called script then retrieves these arguments using sys. Set objShell = CreateObject ("WScript. For that, I need to call some VBA Macro functions while generating that Excel. Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) enable you to call PL/SQL stored functions and procedures. In this step by step tutorial; I will explain how we can call Oracle Stored Procedure from Java Code. I need to generate an Excel sheet from the data fetched from a database through Java. One is VBScript and another one is Python script. Oct 10, 2017 · I am trying to call a java function from plsql to return a csv item at a certain index in a csv string. Calling a stored procedure which returns a result set and process this result set. jar '$ [param1]' '$ [Name]' '$ [lastName]' Mar 27, 2020 · Hello Stack Community :) I have a simple goal. Passing arguments before running We can pass parameters just after the name of the script while Oct 14, 2008 · I need to call a VBScript file (. For this, we must create WebForms in Visual Studio, which is supported by . Net MVC Razor. 6. Calling a stored procedure which has IN, OUT and INOUT parameters and retrieve the values of these parameters. The parameters to the java program are passed from the first shell script. You can use this action to include your own custom VBScript code in the desktop flow, while also having the ability to use variables therein, to generate dynamic VBScript content if needed. Passing arguments and retrieving results When calling Python from Java, it is often necessary to pass Jun 15, 2021 · Java / VBScript / COM Automation: Since you obviously don't need to pass data to the VBA code, the simplest solution is probably to write a VBScript that starts Excel, opens the document, calls the macro and closes Excel. But I need to access the scr Why Functions? Functions enable better code organization and efficiency. sql package. If my main is called mymain, and I call it like this: mymain 3 4 hi (3, 4 and hi are the input parameters), I want to create a Perl program called myperl which when it is invoked as myperl 3 4 hi will pass the arguments to the Java program and run it. XMLHttpRequests are still used in multiple places because all new and old browsers support this. I have an Javascript Code which i want to call from the code behind using ScriptManager. This allows Java applications to leverage Perl scripts for tasks like data processing or system administration. Net framework 4. Examples and free source code download included. Nov 8, 2008 · 19 Inline-Java is the usual library to call java from Perl, and this post propose a org. Learn how to invoke a Visual Basic Script function from Java, pass parameters, and store the output effectively. Qualified personnel are those who, based on their training and experience, are capable of identifying risks and avoiding potential hazards when working with these products Learn how to call JavaScript functions with parameters from PHP, including examples and best practices to implement this functionality effectively. Apr 29, 2011 · Now I want to call the server method from the JavaScript function with some parameters only when the HTML button is clicked by the user. Call a PHP Function From JavaScript We can use AJAX to call a PHP function on data generated inside a browser. The escapeSyntaxCallMode connection property controls how print('From Java') if you save the above file as script_python and then set the execution permissions using chmod 777 script_python Then you can call this script from Java Runtime. How can I do? Sep 26, 2024 · You can pass VBScript arguments to the procedures by reference or by value. AJAX is used by a lot of websites to update parts of webpages without a full page reload. Jul 30, 2024 · Copy This method comes in handy when calling JavaScript events, like onClick and onLoad. StandardCharsets; public class ScriptPython { Process mProcess; public void runScript(){ Process process Discover how to call Python script from Java with our seamless integration guide! Master the techniques to connect & streamline both programming languages today. Creating a stored procedure from Java. We can execute a SQL query in two different approaches by using PreparedStatement and Statement. argv and prints Oct 9, 2012 · Right now I have an application that can call a . Oct 9, 2012 · Call a VBS function that needs parameters from Java Hello experts, Right now I have an application that can call a . io. The Controller’s Action method will be called with Parameters using JavaScript XmlHttpRequest (XHR) and JSON from View in ASP. shellscript1 --> shellscript2 (set p Set objShell = Nothing Call one VB script from another. i normally run it from command pr Sep 4, 2020 · In our example the shell script might run perfectly well, but the Java application will fail at the call to exitValue(). Obviously, this is useful only on the Windows plateform. 5. Differences Between VBScript and JavaScript When calling a VBScript or a JavaScript procedure from an ASP file written in VBScript, you can use the "call" keyword followed by the procedure name. # Call the method from another script service. Also, I would like to pass a string to the function and have the VBScript run with that given parameter. Types of Parameters in JavaScript 1. The script’s output is read line by line and printed to the console. This article will discuss in the Asp. Call JS Function In C# With a Web application, javascript and jquery functions play an important role when we want to send values to the server side. If you do not specify anything when you call a procedure, then the argument/arguments are passed by reference by default. my vbs file is stored in c: drive purpose of vbs file : to map network drives. Apr 10, 2015 · explained with an example, how to call JavaScript Client Side function from Server-Side (Code-Behind) in ASP. 4 Calling Java from PL/SQL You can call Java stored procedures from any PL/SQL block, subprogram, or package. xlsm". Use this same session name The code snippets are written in JavaScript, but you can use any scripting language compliant with JSR 223. Below are the methods available to achieve this. Sep 4, 2020 · In our example the shell script might run perfectly well, but the Java application will fail at the call to exitValue(). We can use the pluggable script engine architecture for any dynamic language provided it has a JVM implementation, of course. Please don't change this scenario and also don't use any asp. If not provided, they will be undefined. My code will output the correct jre paths but is unable to execute the java. Nov 11, 2025 · Learn how to invoke . exec("wscript C:\\MyVBScript. vbs file and execute the code in it. Calling the script: Dec 1, 2014 · Can anyone show me a working simple example (java + python code) of calling python script from java code by passing parameters and getting back the results? Jun 20, 2008 · hi i m trying to run vbscript (that accept some command line arguments) through java . May 9, 2019 · From a shell script, I would like to call a shell script which calls a java program. Parameters are serialized to JSON and then deserialized in JavaScript before being passed by-value as an anonymous object type to the function being invoked. I would like to call this Stored Procedure to assign value to variable in my VBscript code. It can be used to invoke (call) a method with an object as an argument (parameter). Jan 6, 2015 · You can't execute an arbitrary method directly from a shell script, you'll need to have that method exposed externally in some way. Feb 13, 2024 · Learn how to use the href attribute in HTML links to call JavaScript functions and enhance your web development skills. For instance, suppose I had: Sep 6, 2010 · When using a Java-Transform with a RunTime. Aug 27, 2025 · The main objective of this standard was to try to bring some uniformity to interoperating with different scripting languages from Java. Oct 1, 2018 · If you want to call Blazor . I move the . sh directly into your primary, interactive shell, so this is not the problem. I get error - There is no script engine for file extension ". py file from java code. run function is used to execute the called_script. vbs December 500 [demo. Aug 26, 2025 · When calling Kotlin functions from Java, nobody prevents us from passing null as a non-nullable parameter. However, it's easy to do from a VBS. If a procedure requires parameters, the parameter list must be enclosed in parentheses when using the "call" keyword. For example, assume that the executable for the following Java class is stored in Oracle Database: May 17, 2020 · A quick guid to how to run the java program as a shell script using java 11 SheBand technique and can be executed on docker. All parameter types passed to JavaScript must be basic types (string / int / etc) or be JSON serializable. Are there built-in functions that allow me to do that? I find article close to it, Feb 13, 2024 · Learn about the latest techniques to integrate Groovy into a Java application The product/system described in this documentation may be operated only by personnel qualified for the specific task in accordance with the relevant documentation, in particular its warning notices and safety instructions. Please note that you need to pass parameters in sequence while calling the function. cshtml file for example), and then, use Razor, to create a URL of that action: You can't detect directly if Windows service is running or not in Java. waitFor () until after we’ve read the output because the output buffer might stall the process We’ve made the assumption that the java command is available via the PATH variable 3. The jar file was in "C:\Jboss\Libraries\" but the java. Calling Stored Functions and Procedures PostgreSQL® supports two types of stored objects, functions that can return a result value and - starting from v11 - procedures that can perform transaction control. Jan 8, 2024 · Explore several approaches to accessing a JSP variable from JavaScript. Please help! Apr 14, 2023 · The python script can be written in any IDE, and then by using the command line, the bash can call the python script as it becomes difficult for bash to perform tasks like data analysis, file manipulation etc. You must associate the details of the file or script you want to run with a session name. Finally, the exit code of the Python script is displayed. To execute sp_execute_external_script, you must first enable Machine Learning Services. e. Then, in Java, you could only have to use this parameter whenever you want to call a specific method in the file. May 29, 2018 · Hi, I need to run a vbscript (which uses to input arguments) from within a sequence. You call a VBScript function like this: Write the function name, followed by opening and closing brackets Between the brackets, provide all arguments that the function requires Example: Calling Perl scripts from Java can be accomplished through various methods, primarily using the Java `ProcessBuilder` or the `Runtime` class. The simplest way of course is to write a main method that directly invokes the code you want to test. You can use the same code with different arguments, to produce different results. exe needed to import it was in "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1. Jan 21, 2012 · If you want to call an action from your JavaScript, one way is to embed your JavaScript code, inside your view (. mf file of a JAR). getRuntime(). Net. I appreciate a sample program with code. vbs"); Feb 2, 2024 · This tutorial demonstrates three different ways to call Python scripts from Java code. Required Parameters These are the basic parameters expected by the function. exec () like below import java. This technique binds functions to specific events, such as click or mouseover, keeping the behavior separate from the structure and making the code easier to maintain. Passing parameters from a shell script to a Java program is a common task that enables scripts to provide dynamic input to Java applications. Jul 23, 2025 · Run Python Script From Another Script Using subprocess module In this example, the subprocess. In this example, I was installing a java web service and application. Feb 24, 2015 · I need to call a java program (jar file )from PowerShell. In its crudest form you can imagine an app that takes More answers on how to use a Lambda function, or pass it as a parameter: simple example parameter as a function java. Oct 10, 2022 · Hi, I am using DIAdem 2022 and trying to use two scripts together. Jun 8, 2022 · Execute VBS file using Java. _04\bin\" Aug 10, 2012 · I just need to write a simple batch file just to run a vbscript. exe to import at . Now in the Java code to envoke this VBS file we would have the following: Runtime. Argument: "Meeta" passed when calling the function. 2. In below code "/var/www/html/demo/demo. Regards Bhavani Shankar Jan 8, 2011 · VBScript is making a value, passes this to Javascript, which puts that value into a div tag. You execute the script from Java, wait for its completion and capture the return code. Alternatively, you could make use of a Java application that takes parameters to act as a sort of launcher. The arguments (arg1, arg2, arg3) are passed as command-line arguments when calling the script. a string) to an Onclick function. Starting a Process With a Modified Environment Feb 18, 2022 · Which simply takes the COUNT ROWS of a Parameter and returns the Value of that Parameter. For example, you want to call the following stored function, which returns the balance of a specified bank account: Jul 23, 2025 · Parsing and Passing of Arguments into bash scripts/ shell scripts is quite similar to the way in which we pass arguments to the functions inside Bash scripts. GitHub Gist: instantly share code, notes, and snippets. Jul 8, 2021 · Learn how to call PHP functions from JavaScript with this step-by-step tutorial. If the script has not yet finished by the time this method is called — and most likely it will hardly have started — then the exitValue method will throw IllegalThreadStateException. py script from caller_script. Sep 23, 2024 · In the example above, we create a Java class called “PythonCaller” that uses the “ProcessBuilder” class to execute a Python script called “script. Jython is the Java platform implementation of Python which runs on the JVM. Since the vbscript file is embedded i'm not able to execute it directly (Error: path not found) Instead i'm reading the content of the file and executing it as dynamic Feb 2, 2024 · In this article, we will learn how to include a JavaScript source in a Java program and call a JavaScript function from a Java code. Aug 22, 2017 · explained with an example, how to call JavaScript function with parameter from Code-Behind in ASP. py. Mar 13, 2019 · The arguments must be in the right order Moreover, in this example, the default working directory and environment are used We deliberately don’t call process. Run are essentially just strings, you can't pass an object with this simple command-line method - event though the receiving script stores them in an object:Arguments. However, because of the unpredictability of the JNI implementations for different JVMs it is difficult to say what combinations of JVM and Perl will work. How can I do this? There is an add-in to access a VBScript file in Visual Studio. Before the release of ES6 which came with Fetch and libraries like Axios in 2015, it is the only way to call API. I am trying to consolidate the VBS code so that I can call a function in a . Oct 17, 2007 · Hi, I need to call a batch file from java and pass arguments to that Batch file. What is the correct way to call a program with parameters from a batch script while the program path is a variable? My script Jan 8, 2024 · Quick guide to how to two ways of running a shell command in Java, both on Windows as well as on UNIX. Can anybody help me with how to Jan 15, 2013 · I'm trying to call wlst/jython/python from powershell set classpath with setWLSEnv. Both types of stored objects are invoked using CallableStatement and the standard JDBC escape call syntax {call storedobject(?)} . *; import java. The advantage on this %* syntax, is that it is more extensible by accepting any number of arguments. Open a VBScript file, or input the script you want to run using the Open action. nio. Mar 20, 2021 · Java program to execute a shell script using Runtime or ProcessBuilder. vbs] strMonth = WScript. ExcelMacro Options The @ExcelMacro annotation takes a number of optional parameters. These are used to control how the Java method is exposed to Excel. exe demo. RegisterStartupScript. For every solution, we need to write a python script and Call the python script through bash. We expose some operations/admin commands through JMX, and we could have our admins use JConsole, or Visua Jul 11, 2025 · Parameter: name in the function definition. Item (0) You can use WScript. Once it is called, it takes any arguments, then performs it's function (whatever that may be). The csv string can also contain separators within quotes (based on this Stack Overflow questi Jul 11, 2024 · The invokeScript method is within the service object which takes script name, method name and arguments for the method as the 3 arguments. As promised, this week we examine how to retrieve information from the command line. Follow our expert guide with code snippets and troubleshooting tips. Sep 4, 2013 · I want to call a C# method with parameter from JavaScript. vbs file instead of the whole file. Both the vbscript and the batch file are in the same folder and is in the SysWOW64 directory as the vbscript can only be execute in Java Developer's Guide 8. Sep 3, 2019 · Calling a simple stored procedure which has only IN parameters. How to Call a Python Script from Java Integrating Python scripts with Java applications can be a powerful way to leverage Python’s rich ecosystem while maintaining Java’s performance and scalability. We'll see the actual process of passing on the arguments to a script and also look at the way to access those arguments inside the script. For example say: The batch file (test. When comparing both of them the PreparedStatement approach is secure. charset. This script is started from Java with Runtime. foo. vbs") “Tell the truth and run” ~ Yugoslavian Jan 8, 2023 · To call a function, use positional parameters separated by space. This process can be executed easily by providing arguments when calling the Java program within the shell script. Create a new Blazor application, and add the following Person class. php" is the PHP file name and callToThisFunction () is the PHP function name. Examples can be used as script files, or can be run in an interactive shell one expression at a time. Mar 26, 2018 · I had to execute a java file (passing a single argument) from Python and after execution, return the result back to the script that called it. Net using C# and VB. Before you start Verify that the device on which you want to run the VBScript has Windows operating system installed. Oct 19, 2023 · This tutorial will walk through how to call PHP file from Javascript. With functions you can reuse code. Running a VBS (Visual Basic Script) file from Java can be accomplished using the Runtime class. Feb 26, 2022 · explained with an example, how to call Controller’s Action method with Parameters using JavaScript in ASP. net Web application how calls JavaScript/Jquery Functions on the server side. jar file. Now, as you see in the VBScript, the value contains a call to a java&hellip; Jan 19, 2009 · To pass arguments to the jar: java -jar myjar. Learn how to effectively call a Java class from Perl. If you are familiar with VBScript or JavaScript, you will quickly realize that calling methods of Java applets is similar to calling VBScript/JavaScript or ActiveX functions. Below, we provide a clear guide on how to execute a VBS script using Java with practical code examples. REMOVE ADS The JavaScript call () Method The call() method is a predefined JavaScript method. vbs input Arguments to VBS: ID (string) and Filepath(string) So far i have tried ‘Start Process’ or ‘Invoke Code’ but couldn’t get it working. vbs file extension) in my C# Windows application. . py file in the default dir of my java project and I call it using the following code: Jul 23, 2025 · 1. i normally run it from command pr May 15, 2017 · For the second part of your question you can send parameters by passing them when you call your function, or getting them when you are using your function. Here is the snippet of the Java code. JavaScript arguments are passed by value: The function only gets to know the values, not the argument's locations. exec("cmd /c start script. The parameters, in a function call, are the function's arguments. vbs file from Java by passing argument of the excel file path to VBscript. jar one two You can access them in the main () method of "Main-Class" (mentioned in the manifest. NET methods from JavaScript functions in Blazor apps. I'd like to start some PowerShell Script from an another Powershell Script, but there are 3 conditions: I have to pass credentials (the execution Jun 23, 2025 · The sp_execute_external_script stored procedure executes a script provided as an input argument to the procedure, and is used with Machine Learning Services in Azure SQL Managed Instance. Running a Python script from a Java application can be accomplished with Java's `Runtime` or `ProcessBuilder` classes. I'm figuring out a mechanism to call an exe from Java and passing in specific parameters. I am using Ajax Toolkit on my content page . /startScheduledTask. These two interfaces are available in java. exec() and calling a shell-script with parameters, the parameters are misinterpreted I encapsulate one of the parameters with “”“” because it has spaces, but the spaces are obviously interpreted as parameter-delimiter I don’t know if this is an issue of PowerCenter, Java or UNIX 😉 If I run the command on a unix-shell it works fine Has I would like to pass a parameter (i. Learn how to seamlessly call Perl 6 code from Java, including code examples and tips for error handling. The syntax for accessing fields and methods of objects is the same in JavaScript as it is in Java. Aug 6, 2025 · Java programming provides a lot of packages for solving problems in our case we need to execute SQL queries by using JDBC. Are there any libraries that would allow me to call a JMX MBean method from a shell script. Jul 13, 2012 · Here's my idea in your vbscript file, make your script listen to a command line parameter that would specify which method to call. Hope this helps, but I recommend you to have a look at your code to and add some debug statement to understand where you are "lossing" some part of the input. String one = args[0]; String two = args[1]; The arguments you pass when using . Apr 20, 2011 · Can someone provide good examples of calling a JavaScript function From CodeBehind and Vice-versa? Mar 24, 2013 · I would like to call a javascript function from an aspx control. Bar Also aware of JAVA_OPTS, but it is a bit tedious for naive users; I mean, multiple commands to be run (set JAVA_OPTS in one command & and call the script in another line) and hesitant to use that way. The following code works: Calling VBScript Functions A function doesn't actually do anything until it is called. Whether you're working on data analysis, machine learning, or automation, calling Python from Java is easier than you might think. Approaches to Execute a SQL Query using JDBC We Jun 9, 2024 · Output: Using Inline Event Handling 2. Learn how to call Oracle API’s from Java code. I faced similar situation where I need to call PHP function from java code and I have used below code to achieve this. With below piece of Java code, I am not able to Pass argument of the file path. For the moment, I do this: Feb 7, 2019 · for the life of me I can't figure out how to convert this batch file to powershell. vbs " + name + " " + age + " " + sex To execute a VBS (Visual Basic Script) file from a Java application, you can utilize the `Runtime` class or `ProcessBuilder` to call the Windows Script Host (WSH). 0. Shell") objShell. NET code from JavaScript (or vice versa) with instantiated objects, or while passing multiple parameters, or while catching the results produced by that code, here's how to do it. I needed to run the java. So thought of checking with forum if there is better way to achieve both vm & program arguments in single line and both args are optional. API Call in JavaScript Using XMLHttpRequest XMLHttpRequest is an object used to make API calls in JavaScript. I wrote a little java test program that takes an argume In PHP, a javascript function is called from inside an echo command and that leads the activation of the body of function inside the javascript. This approach allows Java to invoke external processes, such as scripts written in different languages. Example for sending parameters when calling the function: Jul 26, 2016 · Thanks, Rajasekhar call python script from java with arguments Can I call a Python function from Java? Can we integrate Python with Java How to Call Python From Java How to execute a python file with few arguments in java java Python Ways to Execute Python Code From Java What are the ways used to execute the Python programs Mar 21, 2025 · Run VBScript Executes some custom VBScript code and retrieves its output into a variable. exec(myCommand); But is it possible to run a Unix shell script from Java code? If yes, would it be a good practice to run a shell script from within Java code? Mar 19, 2018 · How to execute a python file with some arguments in java Asked 7 years, 3 months ago Modified 7 years, 3 months ago Viewed 3k times Aug 21, 2012 · 2 I like to determine which Java runtime environments are available and check their versions. Arguments cscript. So let’s learn it for each approach below. Nov 6, 2009 · StdIn This is the Object that represents the Standard Input Stream, use it to write additional parameters or anything you want to pass to the script you are calling. Using Event Listeners to call function in HTML For a cleaner approach, use event listeners like addEventListener to call JavaScript functions. Net MVC. bat) contains this command: mkdir I need to pass the name of the directory to th Dec 3, 2014 · I am trying to execute a . The java line is where I have the problems - I don't know how to insert environment variables correctly into it. perl. You can write code that can be used many times. exe. Feb 26, 2014 · I have a VBScript that I want to launch by dragging and dropping files onto a shortcut to it. VBscript full path: C:\\AGProjects\\UIPath\\Rnd\\DownloadedFiles\\Merge. This process involves executing the Python interpreter and passing the desired script as an argument, allowing you to leverage Python’s capabilities directly from Java. At the moment the script does nothing except report how many parameters it receives and echo the first. That's why Kotlin generates runtime checks for all public functions that expect non-nulls. Nov 27, 2023 · Calling PowerShell Script with Parameters from Another Script In advanced PowerShell scripting, it’s common to not only call one script from another but also to pass parameters to the called script. Finally, we can call our salute function with double-square-brackets syntax: <button th:onclick="salute([[${student. It is possible, if I remove the parameter s of the method <% showDetail(); %> How-to: VBScript command line arguments Positional arguments Calling a script with unnamed arguments is a simple method of passing values into a VBScript, those values can then be picked up within the script by reading the properties of WScript. I want to call the VBScript as Python functions, which could pass parameters and return results. In this tutorial, I'll explain how you can call PHP functions from JavaScript and JavaScript functions from PHP. Jul 7, 2003 · Last week, we finished our introduction to Looping using For…Next statements. This can be done as shown below, although it is usually better to put everything in a single script and use Functions to split up the blocks of code. Arguments to access the arguments passed to your script. Arguments. Dec 11, 2015 · Can anyone help me to Call and execute a Java program from excel VBA macro. net contols in the aspx page while replying. Nov 9, 2025 · Now I will need to trigger this . It is possible, if I remove the parameter s of the method <% showDetail(); %> You can use WScript. The javaScript Code is :- &lt;script ty How can you implement a function that will accept several variables? After all in Perl all the parameters passed to a function are shoved into the @_ array of the Traditionally, to call a JavaScript function once the page has loaded, you'd add an onload attribute to the body containing a bit of JavaScript (usually only calling a function) &lt;body onload="f at the same time , you need to call it from another folder. For that it uses/calls my vbscript (email. Example: In this example, we are using Event Jun 23, 2023 · To call a PL/SQL method from a Java class, you can make use of the JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) API, which allows Java programs to interact with databases. We can call the javascript function The VBScript package contains actions that enable VBScript functions in a task. Jun 29, 2012 · How can I pass a parameter from batch to vbscript? My batch script sends out an email at the end of the automated execution. name}]])"> using double brackets </button> Copy Expressions between double square–brackets are considered inlined expressions in Thymeleaf. If you really wanted to pass an object between scripts you would have to serialize and de-serialize them from a separate file - which is not a simple process with VBScript. wstqx vzmj iqiewefe lluew mgxug pssfw prcva edtnn yvyy bfrgi lvo cfdydj duvc dowsn mnkkefh